DA NANG JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY
Da Nang Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy
Trường Đại học Kỹ thuật Y – Dược Đà Nẵng
FLAVONOID CONTENT, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF MAT QUY (Morinda parvifolia Bartling Ex Candolle)
Morinda parvifolia (commonly known as “Mat quy”), belonging to the genus Morinda and the family Rubiaceae, has been traditionally used in folk medicine for the treatment of infectious and gastrointestinal disorders. To date, however, there have been limited in-depth studies published on the flavonoid content and biological activities of this species. Objective: To determine the flavonoid content and to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of flavonoid-rich fractions. Methods: Total flavonoid content was quantified using the AlCl₃ colorimetric complexation method. The antibacterial activity of flavonoid-rich extract fractions was assessed by the agar disc diffusion method and the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. All experiments were performed in triplicate, and the results are expressed as mean values. Results: The total flavonoid contents of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions were 2.834, 3.820, and 1.358 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g extract, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest flavonoid content and demonstrated the strongest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition zone diameters ranging from 13.67 to 16.67 mm) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (inhibition zone diameters of 12.33 - 15.67 mm). The corresponding MIC values were 15.625 mg/mL and 7.8125 mg/mL. In the DPPH assay, this fraction also showed the most potent antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 389.083 µg/m. Conclusion: The flavonoid-rich ethyl acetate fraction of Morinda parvifolia (3.820 mg QE/g extract) exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and MRSA, as well as the highest antioxidant capacity among the three investigated fractions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ngọc Diễm Quỳnh Dương, Đức Thắng Phạm (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF UROPATHOGENIC BACTERIA AT KHANH HOA GENERAL HOSPITAL, 2024
Objective: To describe the distribution of bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogenic bacteria isolated at Khanh Hoa General Hospital in 2024. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on bacterial isolates obtained from urine samples of patients diagnosed with urinary tract infections at Khanh Hoa General Hospital in 2024. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using the Vitek 2 Compact system, and results were interpreted according to CLSI 2024 guidelines. Results: Among 3,213 urine cultures performed, 949 samples were positive, accounting for 29.5%. The positivity rate was significantly higher in females (32.7%) than in males (25.0%) (p < 0.0001). Patients aged over 50 years had the highest positivity rate (32.3%). Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 83.9% of isolates, with Escherichia coli (51.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.2%) being the most common pathogens. ESBL-producing strains were detected in 57.2% of E. coli and 20.7% of K. pneumoniae. E. coli showed high resistance to ampicillin (90.8%) and ciprofloxacin (80.1%), while K. pneumoniae demonstrated considerable resistance to carbapenems (31.9–57.0%). Among Gram-positive bacteria, Enterococcus faecium exhibited higher resistance rates compared to Enterococcus faecalis. Multidrug resistance ranged from 80.4% to 100%. Conclusion: E. coli and K. pneumoniae were the predominant uropathogens at Khanh Hoa General Hospital in 2024. The high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance highlights the importance of rational antibiotic use and treatment guided by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Keywords: urinary tract infection, antimicrobial resistance, ESBL, multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Tươi Nguyễn, Thị Lan Anh Lê, Thanh Vũ Nguyễn, Xuân Cường Nguyễn, Linh Hà Nguyễn, Thị Hoài Trinh Phan, Quốc Phong Lê (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
STUDY ON THE INTELLECTUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER AT THEIR FIRST EVALUATION AT DA NANG PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL
Objectives: To describe the intellectual characteristics of primary school-aged children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presenting for their first psychiatric evaluation at Da Nang Psychiatric Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 165 primary school-aged children who presented for their first clinical evaluation at Da Nang Psychiatric Hospital and were diagnosed with ADHD between March 2022 and September 2022. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scale (VADRS). Intellectual functioning was evaluated using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition (WISC-IV). Results: Among the 165 children diagnosed with ADHD, 83% were male and 17% were female. The largest age group was 7-year-olds (32.7%). WISC-IV results indicated that the majority of participants demonstrated a low mean Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) score (71.10 ± 14.11). The Processing Speed Index (PSI) yielded the highest mean score (94.72 ± 18.35). In contrast, the mean scores for the Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), Working Memory Index (WMI), and Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) were 79.74 ± 14.00, 70.54 ± 13.26, and 65.07 ± 11.67, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, children with ADHD demonstrated intellectual functioning predominantly within the average to below-average range across cognitive domains, with only a small proportion achieving high intellectual performance. These findings underscore the need for individualized educational programs tailored to the cognitive profiles of children with ADHD.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tống Thị Luyến, Nguyễn Hữu Liêm (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CLINICAL, PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF NEONATAL RESPIRATORY DISTRESS FOLLOWING CESAREAN DELIVERY
Background and Objectives: Respiratory distress (RD) is a common syndrome in neonates, particularly in the first days of life, reflecting incomplete adaptation to the extrauterine environment. Infants delivered by cesarean section, especially elective procedures, have a higher risk of respiratory morbidity. This study aimed to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and factors associated with disease severity and timing of RD onset in cesarean-delivered neonates at An Sinh Hospital. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 49 neonates with RD among 1,088 cesarean deliveries. Results: RD predominantly occurred in infants delivered before 39 weeks of gestation. The most common clinical signs were tachypnea and chest retractions. The leading causes were transient tachypnea of the newborn (49%) and pneumonia (42.9%). A low 1-minute APGAR score and emergency cesarean section were significantly associated with early onset RD (p<0.05). Most infants were in a compensated state, exhibiting increased work of breathing to maintain oxygen saturation, making NCPAP an effective respiratory support modality. The overall treatment success rate was 95.9%, with a low complication rate (6%). Conclusion: Elective cesarean section should be delayed until at least 39 weeks of gestation to reduce the risk of RD. Transient tachypnea of the newborn and pneumonia are the most common causes of RD in cesarean-delivered infants, particularly in early-term and late preterm groups. Individualized non-invasive respiratory support combined with close clinical monitoring may optimize treatment outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hoàng Thạch Nguyễn, Hùng Dũng Trần, Thị Thảo Trần, Huỳnh Kim Khánh Trần, Phan Tú Uyên Trần, Thị Bình Nguyễn, Văn Điển Mai (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
TRANSPERITONEAL LAPAROSCOPIC RESECTION OF A RAREPARAGANGLIOMA NEAR THE RIGHT ADRENAL GLAND:A CASE REPORT
Introduction: Paragangliomas are neuroendocrine cell tumors originating from the neural crest and are classified as either adrenal or extra-adrenal. They are rare tumors that arise from sympathetic or parasympathetic paraganglia outside the adrenal glands. They may secrete catecholamines and present with non-specific clinical manifestations, often mimicking adrenal tumors. Objective:To report a case of paraganglioma located near the right adrenal gland that was sucessfully diagnosed and treated by transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery, and to highlight the challenges in preoperative diagnosis drawing clinical insights from the present case and a review of the literature. Methods: We report the case of a 51-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus presenting with symptoms suggestive of catecholamine excess. A mass adjacent to the right adrenal gland had been detected incidentally three years prior through imaging studies. The patient underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery for complete tumor resection. Results: The operation was performed safely, with a total operative time of 120 minutes and minimal blood loss. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of paraganglioma. The patient recovered well and was discharged after seven days without postoperative complications. Conclusion: Clinical examination combined with imaging modalities such as CT scans and Histopathological findings an important role in diagnosing extra-adrenal paraganglioma. Transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive method for treating paragangliomas located near the right adrenal gland.
Transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery; paraganglioma located near the right adrenal gland; case report
Copyright (c) 2026 Hoàng Văn Công, Hà Xuân Nguyên (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN WOMEN OVER 50 WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AT 199 HOSPITAL
Introduction: Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture. Metabolic syndrome may promote bone loss through chronic inflammation associated with visceral adiposity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of osteoporosis in women aged >50 years with metabolic syndrome at 199 Hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 264 women aged >50 years who attended 199 Hospital in 2025, including 132 participants with metabolic syndrome. Patients receiving hormone replacement therapy or presenting with acute medical conditions were excluded. Measurements included BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, laboratory assessments of glucose and lipid profiles, and bone mineral density measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 (t-test, χ² test; p < 0.05 considered statistically significant). Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis in the metabolic syndrome group was 51.5%, with 49.2% at the femoral neck (23.5% in controls) and 20.5% at the lumbar spine (6.8% in controls). Independent risk factors for femoral neck osteoporosis included obesity (OR=3.06, p=0.006), type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=2.14, p=0.034), and hypercholesterolemia (OR=2.20, p=0.036). Discussion: The study confirms that metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with an increased prevalence of osteoporosis in women >50 years: 49.2% femoral neck, 20.5% lumbar spine (p<0.05). Central obesity (OR=3.06; p=0.006), type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=2.14; p=0.034), and hypercholesterolemia (OR=2.20; p=0.036) are independent risk factors. These findings suggest that MS may promote bone loss through mechanisms involving chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. Conclusion: The prevalence of osteoporosis in this study was 51.5%, with 49.2% femoral neck and 20.5% lumbar spine involvement. Independent risk factors include central obesity (OR=3.06), type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=2.14), and hypercholesterolemia.
Metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, women aged over 50 years
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Mỹ Lý Nguyễn, Thị Diễm Hằng Hoàng, Thị Xoan Cao, Thị Thanh Tâm Ngô (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CURRENT STATUS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG OUTPATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AT NAM DINH GENERAL HOSPITAL
Objective: To describe the current status of physical activity and knowledge of physical activity among outpatients with type 2 diabetes at Nam Dinh General Hospital in 2025. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 195 outpatients with type 2 diabetes receiving treatment at Nam Dinh General Hospital from May 2025 to July 2025. The study used the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) and the research by Tran Thi Kim Quy to assess physical activity levels and knowledge about physical activity. Data were collected through structured interviews using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive statistics included percentages, means, and standard deviations for quantitative variables, and frequency tables with percentages for qualitative variables. Results: Only 39.5% of participants achieved sufficient levels of physical activity. Knowledge regarding physical activity was at a moderate level, with a mean score of 4.88 ± 1.24, and 56.4% of participants had inadequate knowledge. Conclusion: The level of physical activity among patients was relatively low and did not meet the recommendations of the World Health Organization. The hospital should strengthen health education combined with visual materials to improve patients’ understanding and practice. Physical activity should be incorporated into treatment “prescriptions” and monitored periodically alongside clinical indicators to enhance adherence and enable early detection of physical inactivity. Greater support from peer groups, families, and the community is also needed to sustain regular physical activity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nguyễn Thị Xuân Dung (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CURRENT STATUS OF KNOWLEDGE AND PREVENTIVE PRACTICES REGARDING OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AMONG NURSES AT NAM DINH GENERAL HOSPITAL
Objective: To describe the current status of knowledge and preventive practices regarding occupational hazards among nurses at Nam Dinh General Hospital in 2025. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 150 nurses working at Nam Dinh General Hospital from April 2025 to the end of June 2025. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: Among the nurses, 18.7% had poor knowledge, 38.0% had moderate knowledge, and 43.3% had good knowledge regarding occupational hazards. In terms of practice, 78.7% of nurses achieved adequate preventive practices against occupational hazards. Conclusion: The level of knowledge about occupational hazards among nurses at Nam Dinh General Hospital remains uneven. Although the level of preventive practice is relatively high, some unsafe behaviors are still common. The hospital should strengthen periodic training, innovate training methods, establish a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system, and promote a culture of occupational safety.
Copyright (c) 2026 Đặng Thị Hân, Thị Xuân Dung Nguyễn, Thị Oanh Trần (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SURVEY OF PREOPERATIVE ANXIETY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS AT VINMEC DA NANG HOSPITAL IN 2024
Objectives: To describe preoperative psychological status and analyze associated factors among patients at Vinmec Da Nang Hospital in 2024. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 183 patients undergoing elective surgery from April to October 2024. Preoperative anxiety and information needs were assessed using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS). Data were collected through direct interviews and analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Associations were examined using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Preoperative anxiety was found in 96.2% of patients, including 61.7% with moderate anxiety and 35.5% with high anxiety. Information needs were reported by 95.6% of patients, with moderate and high levels accounting for 49.7% and 47%, respectively. Major concerns included anesthesia methods and surgical procedures (97.8%), postoperative pain (85.2%), intraoperative complications (76.5%), and anesthesia-related complications (72.1%). Age and educational level were significantly associated with preoperative psychological status (p<0.05). Conclusions: A high prevalence of anxiety and information needs was identified among preoperative patients; routine psychological assessment is essential to improve comprehensive patient care.
Patient psychology, preoperative anxiety, APAIS.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị An Nguyễn, Thị Vân Anh Từ, Văn Đông Trần (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN ANXIETY PATIENTS RECEIVING OUTPATIENT TREATMENT AT HANOI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Objective: To assess quality of life among outpatients with anxiety disorders at Hanoi Medical University Hospital. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 214 outpatients diagnosed with anxiety disorders (ICD-10 codes F40–F41) at Hanoi Medical University Hospital from July to December 2025. Quality of life was assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and anxiety severity was measured using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS).. Results: The mean SF-36 score was 49.8 ± 18.3, with the majority of participants reported moderate quality of life (81.8%). The mean Zung anxiety score was 52.3 ± 11.1, with most patients presenting mild-to-moderate anxiety (47.7%). Anxiety severity showed a significant strong inverse correlation with quality of life (r = −0.671; p<0.001). Conclusion: Outpatients with anxiety disorders exhibited moderate quality of life, and anxiety severity was significantly associated with poorer quality of life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Khánh Duy Dương, Thị Phương Thoan Trần, Thị Phương Thảo Phạm, Thị Hạnh Nguyễn, Thị Thoa Đặng, Thảo Vân Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SURVEY OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-CARIOUS CERVICAL LESIONS AT DA NANG C HOSPITAL
Objective: The study aims to identify factors associated with non-carious cervical lesions according to the Sawai classification among patients visiting and receiving treatment at the Department of Odonto-Stomatology, Da Nang C Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 44 patients with untreated non-carious cervical lesions. The investigated factors included gender, toothbrushing method, type of toothbrush, habit of consuming acidic foods, intake of carbonated soft drinks, alcohol consumption (>250 ml/week), bruxism, and tooth loss status. Associations were analyzed with a statistical significance level of p<0.05. Results: No statistically significant association was found between gender, type of toothbrush, consumption of acidic foods, intake of carbonated soft drinks, alcohol consumption, or tooth loss status and non-carious cervical lesions according to the Sawai classification (p>0.05). The horizontal toothbrushing method was significantly associated with type A non-carious cervical lesions (p<0.001). Notably, bruxism showed a clear association with non-carious cervical lesions across all three types A, B, and C (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is an association between the horizontal toothbrushing method and type A non-carious cervical lesions according to the Sawai classification. In addition, bruxism is an important risk factor associated with non-carious cervical lesions across all three types.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Vũ Minh Nguyễn, Văn Hà Lê (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PLATELET RICH PLASMA AND STEM CELL THERAPY FOR KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: CLINICAL EVIDENCE AND APPLICATION
Objective: The article is conducted in the form of an analytical and descriptive review, aiming to systematize scientific evidence and determine the scope of the overview of PRP and MSCs combined therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Specifically, the article synthesizes and analyzes the biological basis and recent clinical evidence on combined therapy of PRP and MSCs in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Besides, the article aims to identify current limitations and propose directions for optimizing therapy for clinical application. Methodology and literature review: The study was designed as a review study. We performed a literature search using databases including journals from PubMed and Google Scholar from the last 5 years. In this study, we focused on evaluating the biological basis and clinical effectiveness of combined PRP and mesenchymal stem cell therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Research outlook: The results show that combination therapy of PRP and mesenchymal stem cells offers the potential for biological resonance, contributing to improving tissue regeneration and reducing symptoms more effectively than either individual therapy in recent studies. However, current clinical evidence is still inconsistent, suggesting that more standardized trials are needed to confirm the superior benefit of this approach.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Hiền Lê, Lê Minh Tú Phan (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INITIAL RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TONSILLECTOMY USING PLASMA SCALPEL AT GIA LAI PROVINCIAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of the group of subjects undergoing surgery and to initially evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the plasma knife tonsillectomy method in the local area. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis on 131 pediatric patients (aged 3 to under 16 years) who were indicated for tonsillectomy using a plasma knife. Data on surgery duration, blood loss, pain level (VAS score), complications, and length of hospital stay were collected and analyzed. Results: The mean operative time was 18.4 ± 5.0 minutes, with minimal blood loss (4.7 ± 1.8 mL). Postoperative pain scores significantly decreased from day 1 (6.6) to day 7 (0.95). The complication rate was 1.5%, with no late complications reported. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.8 days. Conclusion: Preliminary research shows that tonsillectomy using plasma knife results in shorter intervention time, less blood loss, and quicker pain relief post-surgery. The results recorded a low complication rate, initially demonstrating the feasibility and safety of implementing this technique at local healthcare facilities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Văn Châu Nguyễn, Thị Mỹ Nhung Phan, Anh Tuấn Hồ, Thị Huệ Đoàn, Thị Sim Nguyễn, Thị Thu Hà Đỗ, Thị Tú Uyên Vương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SURVEY OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTION RATE ON HANDS OF STUDENTS AT DANANG UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY AND PHARMACY
Objective: Determining the rate of Staphylococcus aureus infection on the hands of students at Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy and some factors related to S.aureus infection. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 120 samples taken from the hands of students using the Glove juice method and compared with 120 corresponding samples from students who washed their hands before taking the samples. Results: The rate of S.aureus infection on the hands of students was 32.5%, of which 12.5% ​​were Methicillin-resistant S.aureus - isolated from students who had a hospital internship. The results showed that there was no difference in the rate of S.aureus infection with gender and hospital internship. However, there was a difference in the rate of S.aureus infection between the group of students who washed their hands before sampling and the group of students who did not wash their hands before sampling with p<0.05. Conclusion: The proportion of infection of S. aureus was 32.5%, of which 12.5% ​​were MRSA respectively and there was a significant relationship between infecting S. aureus and washing hand before taking samples.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ngọc Trân Châu Nguyễn, Thị Trâm Uyên Nguyễn, Ngọc Ngân Châu Nguyễn, Lê Hạnh Nhi Hồ, Ngọc Thanh Nhi Huỳnh, Thị Đoan Trinh Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RATE AND CAUSES OF INPATIENT BLOOD SAMPLE REJECTION AT PHUC HUNG HOSPITAL
Background: Specimen quality and preanalytical errors have a substantial impact on diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making. Analysis of specimen rejection rates and underlying causes, particularly among inpatients, provides an essential basis for improving patient care quality. Objectives: To determine the rejection rate of inpatient blood specimens, identify the main causes of rejection, and analyze associated factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 30,406 blood specimens collected from inpatient departments at Phuc Hung Hospital between January and June 2025. Causes of specimen rejection were classified according to CLSI GP33A guidelines (hemolysis, clotting, incorrect volume, incorrect patient information, etc.). Results: A total of 104 out of 30,406 specimens were rejected, corresponding to a rejection rate of 0.34%. The Emergency and Intensive Care-Toxicology Department accounted for the highest proportion of rejected specimens (43.18%). The most common causes were hemolysis (25.0%) and incorrect patient information (18.27%). The Pediatrics Department had a six-fold higher risk of specimen rejection compared with the General Internal Medicine Department. Conclusions: Specimen rejection rates were concentrated in Emergency and Intensive Care-Toxicology Department, with hemolysis and administrative information errors as the predominant causes. The highest risk of rejection is in the Pediatrics department. Enhanced training in blood collection and specimen handling for nursing staff is necessary to minimize preanalytical errors and improve overall laboratory testing quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Đình Vũ Phạm (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
KETOPROFEN AND ITS AMIDE DERIVATIVES IN ANTICANCER THERAPIES
Ketoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) belonging to the 2-arylpropionic acid class, widely used for analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapies through inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme. In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that NSAIDs in general, and ketoprofen in particular, possess anticancer potential via both COX-dependent and COX-independent mechanisms. Notably, structural modification of ketoprofen into amide derivatives has emerged as a promising strategy to improve pharmacokinetic properties, reduce adverse effects, and introduce new biological interactions. This review aims to summarize the anticancer therapeutic potential of ketoprofen and its amide derivatives through systematic analysis and synthesis of previously published studies. References were primarily retrieved using Google Scholar from peer-reviewed publications indexed in major scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and ACS Publications, focusing on the anticancer activity of ketoprofen and its amide derivatives. The selected literature was screened, categorized, and analyzed to elucidate the relationship between chemical structure and biological activity. The compiled results indicate that ketoprofen exhibits in vitro anticancer activity but lacks sufficient efficacy for direct therapeutic application, whereas numerous ketoprofen amide derivatives demonstrate enhanced cytotoxic activity, improved selectivity, and modulation of key biological mechanisms such as apoptosis induction and cell cycle regulation. Overall, this review highlights the potential applicability of ketoprofen amide derivatives as promising candidates for anticancer drug development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thu Hương Phạm (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES OF MEDICATION ERRORS AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES FROM THE NURSING PERSPECTIVE AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL
Background: This study aims to understand the causes of medication errors and their preventive measures from the perspective of nurses at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Materials and method: Cross-sectional descriptive study, with the participation of 185 nurses and midwives from clinical departments in the hospital using a questionnaire. Results: 53.5% of nurses said that the workload was high, 52.4% of nurses said that the ratio of patient/nurse was high, had to take care of many seriously ill patients, 47% of the electronic system was prone to errors and the doctor's prescription was difficult to read had the highest impact on nurses' medication errors. 94.1% of nurses said that it was necessary to improve nurses' knowledge about drugs and to inform and educate about new drugs, 93.5% of nurses think that it was necessary to have necessary information about drugs, side effects and interactions available in clinical departments and 92.4% think that it was necessary to actively report medical incidents to learn and prevent recurrence to prevent medication errors. Conclusion: There should be appropriate human resource planning and regular training programs on drugs especially new drugs, necessary information on drugs, side effects and interactions should be available in clinical departments and increased reporting of medication errors is also an opportunity to prevent recurrence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Hân Trương, Thị Hồng Liên Dương, Viết Tứ Nguyễn, Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn, Thị Như Trang Trương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SURVEY OF ANTI-THYROGLOBULIN CONCENTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA AFTER TOTAL THYROIDECTOMY
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the value of Anti-Thyroglobulin (TgAb) levels after total thyroidectomy and examine the relationship between serum TgAb levels and thyroid cancer stages in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods: Retrospective study of 160 papillary thyroid cancer patients after total thyroidectomy from 01/2023 to 07/2024 at Cho Ray Hospital. Results: The median TgAb level decreased significantly (p<0.05) from 3.26 IU/mL before radioiodine therapy to 1.50 IU/mL after treatment. Among patients with isolated PTC, TgAb concentrations were markedly lower (2.19 IU/mL) compared with those who had concomitant PTC and HT (42 IU/mL) with p<0.05. Before radioiodine therapy, 141 patients (88.13%) had TgAb levels within the normal range, and the number of patients with normalized TgAb levels increased to 144 (90%) after treatment, with no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: Among patients with isolated PTC, a proportion demonstrated elevated TgAb levels whereas the majority of patients with PTC accompanied by thyroiditis exhibited low TgAb concentrations
Copyright (c) 2026 Phan Uyển Nhi Nguyễn, Nguyên Trung Võ, Xuân Cảnh Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SURVEY OF EXPERIENCES OF MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAMS ON THE ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN INTERVENTION FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM
Objectives: To learn about the experiences of members of multidisciplinary teams working with physical therapists (PT) in intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: Qualitative description. Results: We found that the study participants, including physicians, psychologists, PTs, speech therapists, occupational therapists, and special education teachers, shared their understanding of the role of PTs, but 100% had no practical experience in incorporating PTs in multidisciplinary intervention teams for children with ASD. Conclusion: Limited awareness and practical experience of multidisciplinary team members in collaborating with physical therapists in intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Minh Nguyệt Trần, Thị Cẩm Vân Lương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PATHOGENIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII AT DA NANG C HOSPITAL
Objective: Investigation of pathogenic characteristics and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii at Da Nang C Hospital. Subject and methods: A cross-sectional study on 100 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated at Hospital C Da Nang from October 2024 to March 2025. The level of antibiotic resistance in bacteria was determined by the Kirby-Bauer method. Classification of the degree of multi-antibiotic resistance of bacteria was performed according to Magiorakos et al. Results: The incidence of Acinetobacter baumannii infection was higher in men (60%) than in women (40%). Acinetobacter baumannii infections were mainly in patients aged 60 years and older, accounting for 96%. The highest number of Acinetobacter baumannii strains was isolated in the Intensive Care Unit (73%), followed by the Internal Medicine Department (17%), Stroke Department (5%), Surgery Department (3%) and Otolaryngology Department (2%). The highest percentage of isolated bacteria in clinical specimens were sputum samples (84%), followed by pus samples (8%), urine samples (5%), middle ear fluid samples (2%) and blood samples (1%). A high level of resistance was observed, from 90.0-95.8% for the antibiotics cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid; Resistance ranged from 76.3-87.9% to antibiotics amikacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, gentamycin, tobramycin, lowest resistance to doxycycline with 53.5%. There were 89% of Acinetobacter baumannii strains with multi-resistance. Conclusions: Acinetobacter baumannii caused infections mainly in the elderly and in the Intensive Care and Anti-poisoning Department. The most isolated specimens were in the respiratory tract with sputum samples accounting for 84%. Bacteria were highly resistant to the antibiotics surveyed. There were 89% multi-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Thanh Tâm Đặng, Ngọc Thúy An Võ, Thị Ngọc Anh Trần, Ngọc Như Bình Trần, Thị Thùy Dung Mai, Thị Đoan Trinh Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POTENTIAL OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG DERIVATIVES FOR BLOOD GLUCOSE REGULATION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by a bidirectional relationship between hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation. This narrative review was conducted through the analysis and synthesis of relevant scientific literature to elucidate the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the therapeutic effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies indicates that NSAIDs reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, improve insulin resistance, and protect pancreatic beta cells. Structural modification of NSAIDs to enhance their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity has emerged as a promising strategy for glycemic control. These findings suggest that NSAIDs and their derivatives may represent a potential dual-action therapeutic approach for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. However, adverse effects on the cardiovascular, renal, and gastrointestinal systems remain major limitations to long-term use. Therefore, further clinical studies and rational structure optimization are required to comprehensively evaluate their efficacy and safety.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thanh Trang Nguyễn, Thị Trâm Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INVESTIGATION OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HIGH – RISK HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS GENOTYPES AND CERVICAL CYTOLOGICAL RESULT AT DA NANG ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL
Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant health challenge for Vietnamese women, primarily driven by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection. Evaluating the prevalence and the association between HPV genotypes and cytological abnormalities is crucial for enhancing local screening strategies. Objective: To determine the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and cervical cytological result at Da Nang Oncology Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,325 medical records of women aged 21–74 years. Inclusion criteria required concurrent results of HR-HPV DNA genotyping and ThinPrep Pap cytology. Results: The overall prevalence of HR-HPV infection was 15.3%. Among positive cases, the most frequent genotypes were the "12 other HR-HPV" group (67.5%), followed by HPV type 16 (14.3%) and HPV type 18 (11.3%), while multiple infections accounted for 6.9%. The mean age was 44.33 pm 9.01 years, with no significant correlation observed between age and HR-HPV status (p > 0.05). Cytological abnormalities were present in 1.8% of cases, primarily ASC-US (0.9%), LSIL (0.4%), HSIL (0.3%), and ASC-H (0.2%). Statistical analysis revealed that HR-HPV-positive women had an 11.11-fold increased risk of cytological abnormalities compared to HR-HPV-negative counterparts (OR = 11.11; 95\% CI: 4.646–26.569; p < 0.05). Specifically, the risk was highest in women with HPV type 16 (OR = 14.792), followed by multiple infections (OR = 10.238) and the "12 other HR-HPV" types (OR = 4.85), all reaching statistical significance (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of HR-HPV infection at Da Nang Oncology Hospital is notable, with a predominance of the "12 other HR-HPV" group and HPV type 16. The study confirms a strong correlation between HR-HPV infection and cervical cytological abnormalities. Notably, HPV type 16 and multiple infections serve as primary predictors for cytological lesions, reinforcing the necessity of incorporating HPV genotyping into routine cervical cancer screening programs to improve early detection.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ngọc Trang Nguyễn, Thị Minh Hòa Hoàng, Thị Đoan Trinh Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPROACH AND MANAGEMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION
Kidney transplantation is the gold standard of care for patients with end-stage renal disease, providing marked improvements in quality of life and long-term survival. Nevertheless, cardiovascular disease has emerged as a prevalent and life-threatening post-transplant complication, covertly undermining clinical outcomes and patient longevity. This condition arises from the synergy between traditional risk factors and transplant-specific contributors, such as the adverse effects of immunosuppressive agents, chronic inflammatory states, and metabolic dysregulation. This review offers a comprehensive overview of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular management following kidney transplantation, aiming to optimize patient prognosis.
Copyright (c) 2026 Văn Huệ Phạm, Thị Hằng Nguyễn, Văn Quý Huỳnh, Đức Kim Tuyến Cao, Tất Dũng Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SEVERE SEROTONIN SYNDROME AFTER ANTIDEPRESSANT USE SUCCESSFULLY TREATED WITH TARGETED TEMPERATURE MANAGEMENT
Serotonin syndrome is an acute, potentially life-threatening toxic condition resulting from excessive serotonergic activity in the central nervous system. It most commonly occurs after the use of antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or in combination with other serotonergic agents. The typical clinical presentation consists of a triad of altered mental status, neuromuscular hyperactivity, and autonomic dysfunction. In severe cases, the condition may rapidly progress to malignant hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, multiorgan failure, and death if not promptly recognized and treated. We report a case of severe serotonin syndrome in a 21-year-old female following sertraline use. The patient developed malignant hyperthermia (peak temperature 41°C), generalized hypertonia, ocular clonus, seizures, and rhabdomyolysis. Management included immediate discontinuation of the offending agent, intensive supportive care, and the implementation of Targeted Temperature Management (TTM) with a core temperature target of 37°C maintained for eight days. The patient demonstrated marked clinical improvement and achieved complete recovery. This case suggests that TTM may be a safe and effective therapeutic option in fulminant serotonin syndrome with refractory hyperthermia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thế Minh Tùng Nguyễn, Minh Hòa Lê, Văn Thắng Lê, Đại Khánh Đỗ, Tấn Hùng Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANTIBIOTIC KNOWLEDGE AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG STUDENTS OF DANANG UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY AND PHARMACY
Background: Antimicrobial resistance poses a global threat to public health and safety. Health-related students will become future professionals responsible for medication management and patient health education. Enhancing students’ knowledge of antibiotics is a key strategy to reduce antimicrobial resistance. Objectives: To describe the knowledge of antibiotics and identify associated factors among students at Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 306 students from Medicine, Pharmacy, and Nursing programs at Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy. Results: The percentage of students with good knowledge of antibiotics was 50.65%. There were statistically significant associations between antibiotic knowledge and field of study, year level, GPA, and receiving prescriptions (p<0.05). Conclusion: About half of the students demonstrated good knowledge of antibiotics. The findings indicate that education has a positive impact on students’ understanding of antibiotics. It is necessary to develop and integrate appropriate training programs to further improve students’ antibiotic knowledge.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Kim Cúc Đoàn, Thị Trang Lê, Thị Hồng Thắm Lê (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ASSESSMENT OF REHABILITATION OUTCOMES FOR CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN IN THE ELDERLY
Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of a rehabilitation program for chronic mechanical low back pain (CLBP) in the elderly and to explore related factors. Methods: A prospective, descriptive study using convenience sampling was conducted on 95 patients aged 60 and over diagnosed with CLBP, treated at Da Nang Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Hospital from November 2023 to March 2024. The 2-week intervention protocol included TENS, ultrasound, paraffin therapy, Williams exercises, and health education. Outcomes were assessed pre- and post-treatment using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, Schober test for range of motion, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for functional disability. Results: After 2 weeks, the mean pain score (NRS) significantly decreased from 6.65 <!-- [if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>± </m:r></m:oMath><![endif]--> 1.16 to 2.86<!-- [if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> ± </m:r></m:oMath><![endif]--> 1.31 (p<0.001); lumbar spine flexion (Schober index) improved from 2.15 <!-- [if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>±</m:r></m:oMath><![endif]--> 0.79 cm to 3.46 <!-- [if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>±</m:r></m:oMath><![endif]--> 0.67 cm (p<0.001); the functional disability index (ODI) decreased from 55.5% to 27.1% (p<0.001). Good and fair overall treatment outcomes were achieved in 80% of patients. There were statistically significant associations between treatment outcomes and gender, age group, and occupation (p<0.05). Conclusion: The multidisciplinary rehabilitation program showed positive outcomes in reducing pain, improving range of motion, and enhancing daily living functions for elderly patients with CLBP.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Huệ Trần, Hoài Trung Nguyễn, Kiều Trang Dương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ADULT OBESITY: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRENDS AND ADVANCES IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial disease characterized by dysregulated energy balance and excessive adipose tissue accumulation, particularly visceral fat. Its prevalence continues to rise globally and in Vietnam, contributing to a growing burden of comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Diagnosis is based on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and comprehensive risk stratification, with the Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) providing a more accurate assessment of health impact than anthropometric measures alone. Current management follows a multimodal approach incorporating behavioral interventions, nutritional modification, increased physical activity, incretin -based pharmacotherapy with robust weight-loss efficacy, endoscopic bariatric procedures such as intragastric balloons and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, and metabolic surgery for advanced cases. Personalized treatment strategies and sustained long-term support are essential to improve metabolic health and achieve durable outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Minh Tân Lê, Anh Tuyến Nguyễn, Thị Hồng Lê, Trung Tín Nguyễn, Nguyễn Thoại Nhân Trương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CHYLOTHORAX AFTER MINIMALLY INVASIVE ESOPHAGECTOMY: A RARE COMPLICATION
Chylothorax is a rare but serious complication following esophagectomy, which may lead to respiratory failure, nutritional disorders, and prolonged hospitalization if not promptly recognized and appropriately managed. We report the case of a 67-year-old male patient diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the middle third of the esophagus (cT4N0M0), who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by minimally invasive thoracoabdominal esophagectomy. Postoperatively, the patient developed rapidly recurrent bilateral pleural effusions accompanied by respiratory failure and pneumonia. Conservative management was initiated, including repeated pleural drainage, total parenteral nutrition, and a medium-chain triglyceride-based diet administered via jejunal feeding. Due to respiratory compromise, magnetic resonance lymphangiography was initially deferred. Delayed lymphatic imaging subsequently identified thoracic duct leakage at the T4-T5 level with formation of a mediastinal chylous collection. The chylothorax became self-limited and did not require lymphatic intervention. The patient gradually improved and was discharged on postoperative day 58, despite a complicated postoperative course. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of chylothorax after esophagectomy, appropriate timing of lymphatic imaging, and careful consideration of conservative versus interventional management strategies to minimize complications and improve clinical outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 The authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
STUDY ON LOWER GENITAL TRACT INFECTIONS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN DA NANG CITY
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of lower genital tract infections among postmenopausal women in Da Nang City and to identify factors associated with LGTIs in this population. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 850 women who had undergone natural menopause. Participants were interviewed and clinically examined at 17 primary healthcare stations in 17 wards of Da Nang City between August and October 2023. Data collection included a structured questionnaire, gynecological examination, vaginal pH measurement, and microbiological analysis of vaginal discharge to identify LGTIs and related factors. Multistage cluster sampling was applied. Results: The overall prevalence of lower genital tract infections among postmenopausal women was 27.1%. Bacterial infections accounted for 19.1% of cases, while Candida infections accounted for 8.0%. A statistically significant association was found between age group and menopausal duration with the type of lower genital tract infection (p < 0.05). Conclusion: LGTIs rate is relatively high among postmenopausal women in Da Nang City. Targeted screening, prevention, and management strategies are considered to improve quality of life in this population.
NUTRITIONAL COMPLIANCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASEAT DANANG C HOSPITAL
Objective: Describe the current status of nutritional compliance among patients with chronic kidney disease being treated at Da Nang C Hospital and associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from October 2024 to April 2025. The survey tool was a self-administered toolkit. Nutritional compliance was assessed by using the Renal Adherence Behavior Questionnaire by Helena Rushe and Hannah M. McGee. Patient’s knowledge using the Assessment of Knowledge about Chronic Kidney Disease was developed by Mansour A. Mah et al. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation were used to analyze data with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The average score of nutritional compliance of patients with chronic renal failure was 3.30±0.35 (1 - 5) and reached a moderate level. There was a statistically significant difference between nutritional compliance and gender, education level, disease stage and receiving nutritional advice from health workers (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between nutritional compliance and knowledge about chronic renal failure (r=0.644, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The status of nutrition compliance among patients with chronic kidney disease reached a moderate level. There was a correlation between knowledge about the disease and nutritional compliance. These results highlight the crucial role of nurses in health education and nutritional counseling.